Roman Empire in AD 14 at a glance
In AD 14 the empire covered about 3.67 million km². That is 85.8% more than at 44 BC. It took in all or part of 40 modern countries, with the biggest shares of Bosnia and Herzegovina (100%), Kosovo (100%) and Liechtenstein (100%).
Augustus, the first emperor, left a settled empire to his stepson Tiberius. Rome's frontiers now ran along great rivers such as the Rhine and the Danube.
Augustus dies; Tiberius succeeds. Ruler at the time: Tiberius.
- 3.67 million km²area of the empire
- +85.8%since 44 BC
- 40modern countries inside
- 36provinces held
Provinces held at the death of Augustus (AD 200 AWMC borders). Client kingdoms are not counted. This outline is built by joining the provinces held at the date, using AWMC province outlines from AD 200, so the frontier shapes are the AD 200 ones. Dates, not borders, are the evidence here. Borders are approximate and debated.
What changed since 44 BC
The area grew by about 1,692,895 km² (85.8%), from 1,972,439 km² to 3,665,334 km². Provinces added: Aegyptus, Alpes (Maritimae, Cottiae, Graiae et Poeninae), Judaea (Syria Palaestina), Moesia Inferior, Moesia Superior, Noricum, Pannonia Inferior and Raetia.
Modern countries newly inside: Austria, Egypt, Hungary, Jordan, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Palestine, Portugal, Romania and Slovenia.
Which modern countries were inside the empire in AD 14?
40 modern countries were at least partly inside the empire. The share is the part of today's country that fell inside the outline above. The largest shares were Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, San Marino and Vatican City.
| Country | Share inside | Area inside (km²) |
|---|---|---|
| Roman Bosnia and Herzegovina | 100% | 51,827 |
| Roman Kosovo | 100% | 10,913 |
| Roman Liechtenstein | 100% | 137 |
| Roman Luxembourg | 100% | 2,608 |
| San Marino | 100% | 60.3 |
| Vatican City | 100% | under 1 |
| Andorra | 100% | 452 |
| Roman Switzerland | 100% | 41,435 |
| Roman Slovenia | 100% | 20,322 |
| Roman Belgium | 100% | 30,648 |
| Roman Lebanon | 100% | 9,980 |
| Roman Portugal | 100% | 87,577 |
| Roman France | 100% | 545,247 |
| Roman Spain | 99% | 495,586 |
| Roman Italy | 99% | 297,762 |
| Roman North Macedonia | 99% | 25,065 |
| Roman Albania | 99% | 27,973 |
| Roman Montenegro | 98% | 13,456 |
| Roman Cyprus | 97% | 9,027 |
| Roman Palestine | 97% | 5,877 |
| Roman Croatia | 96% | 53,048 |
| Roman Greece | 91% | 119,033 |
| Roman Tunisia | 89% | 138,728 |
| Roman Austria | 85% | 71,164 |
| Jersey | 77% | 92.1 |
| Roman Serbia | 77% | 59,534 |
| Roman Malta | 57% | 187 |
| Roman Israel | 52% | 11,572 |
| Roman Syria | 52% | 95,813 |
| Monaco | 51% | 9.6 |
| Roman Bulgaria | 48% | 53,973 |
| Roman Netherlands | 43% | 16,040 |
| Roman Egypt | 41% | 414,603 |
| Roman Hungary | 40% | 36,960 |
| Roman Turkey | 35% | 276,297 |
| Roman Germany | 29% | 104,337 |
| Roman Libya | 25% | 399,610 |
| Roman Romania | 6.6% | 15,688 |
| Roman Algeria | 4.2% | 97,738 |
| Roman Jordan | 2.9% | 2,618 |
Shares are measured against the part of each country inside a box around the Mediterranean world, so overseas territories do not count. A country counts as inside only above 1% of its area or 500 km².
Provinces held in AD 14
- Achaea
- Aegyptus
- Africa Proconsularis
- Alpes (Maritimae, Cottiae, Graiae et Poeninae)
- Aquitania
- Asia, Bithynia et Pontus and Thracia
- Hispania Baetica
- Cilicia
- Corsica
- Crete
- Cyprus
- Cyrenaica
- Dalmatia and Pannonia Superior
- Epirus
- Galatia, Cappadocia and Pontus
- Gallia Belgica
- Gallia Cisalpina (northern Italy)
- Gallia Lugdunensis
- Gallia Narbonensis
- Germania Inferior
- Germania Superior
- Hispania Tarraconensis
- Italia (peninsula)
- Judaea (Syria Palaestina)
- Lusitania
- Macedonia
- Moesia Inferior
- Moesia Superior
- Noricum
- Numidia
- Pannonia Inferior
- Raetia
- Sardinia
- Sicilia
- Syria
- Syria Phoenice
Province outlines are the AD 200 ones. Where the source map joins several provinces, the province page says so.